.

PIV Tuning:
Applying the Position Loop Gain (Kpp)

At this point, we have a tuned velocity loop and need to tune the position loop. The position loop consist of a proportional and integral term.

 

Before You Start

When we tuned the velocity loop, we looked mainly at velocity measurement. With the position loop, we will look mainly at the position feedback. We will look at Position Error, DAC output and Commanded velocity. We will use the commanded velocity to get a measure of where we are in the motion we are commanding (it's easier to see the start and stop of a motion in the velocity trace than the position trace). How do I change from collecting velocity data to position data?

Start with a Kpp of 0.001 for low to medium resolution systems. Use a Kpp of 0.000 01 for high resolution systems. Command the same motion that you were using for the velocity loop tuning.

You can see that the position error plot goes off scale because we have not set the scaling yet. Adjust the Y Scale until you get the view you want.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.001

 

You can see that the position error plot goes off scale because we have not set the scaling yet. Adjust the Y Scale until you get the view you want.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.001

 

We will turn up Kpp until we see overshoot on the position error that is acceptable or see other unacceptable behavior (noise). Turn up Kpp in increments (~200%) until you find this limit. The following figures show the progress from a very small Kpp (0.001) to the Kpp value where instability sets in (0.4). At that point, turn down Kpp for a margin of stability.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.002

 
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.004

 
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.01

 
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.02

 
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.04

 
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.1

 

Note the change in scale.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.2

 

Since we are starting to see some oscillation on the position error plot, we will make smaller jumps in Kpp (50%).
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.3

 

We are getting to be on the verge of instability judging from the increase in position error ringing. We will turn up gain until we see instability. Let's cut to the chase and see the limiting value.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.4

 

Now that we have the limiting value, turn it down by 2/3.
  1,000 count move                          
50,000 count / sec velocity            
300,000 count / sec2 accel / decel		 Red - Commanded Velocity             
Green - Actual Velocity                   
White - DAC Output
 

Kpv = 9,000
Ka1 = 0.7
Kiv = 400
VintMax = 32767
Kpp = 0.133

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